Alaab-qeybiyaha Shiinaha ayaa u soo bandhiga qiimo dhimis loogu talagalay AllGB Standard Rail Models
Horumarinta eeGB Tareenka Birta Caadiga ahwaxaa laga soo billaabi karaa horraantii qarnigii 19-aad. Kahor isticmaalka birta, jidadka tareenada ayaa la dhisay iyadoo la isticmaalayo birta birta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tareenadani waxay ahaayeen kuwo u nugul inay dillaacaan oo ku jabaan rar culus, xaddidaya waxtarka iyo badbaadada gaadiidka tareenada.
HABKA SOO SAARIDA WAX soo saarka
U gudubka birta shubka ilaatareenka tareenkasi tartiib tartiib ah u dhacay dhowr iyo toban sano. Badhtamihii qarnigii 19-aad, injineeradu waxay bilaabeen inay tijaabiyaan birta birta ah ee la sameeyay, kuwaas oo aad u waara oo ka jilicsan birta birta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, birta la farsameeyey ayaa weli lahaa xaddidaadkeeda xagga xoogga iyo cimri dhererka.
Sannadihii 1860-meeyadii, habka Bessemer ayaa la sameeyay, kaas oo u oggolaaday wax soo saarka ballaaran ee birta tayada sare leh. Habkani waxa uu ku lug lahaa in hawada lagu afuufo birta dhalaalaysa si looga saaro wasakhda oo ay u soo saarto bir leh xoog iyo adayg sare.
Hirgelinta biraha birta ayaa wax ka beddelay gaadiidka tareenada. Tareennada birta ah waxay awoodeen inay u adkeystaan culeysyo culus iyo xawaare sare, taasoo keentay kor u kaca waxtarka iyo awoodda nidaamyada tareenada. Joogitaanka birta birta, kharashka dayactirka iyo wakhtiga dhimista ayaa si weyn loo dhimay, taas oo u oggolaanaysa in la isku halayn karo oo joogto ah hawlaha tareenada.
Tan iyo markii la hirgeliyay biraha birta, waxaa jiray horumarro socda oo laga sameeyay farsamooyinka wax soo saarka birta iyo naqshadeynta tareenada. Alloys-ka birta ah ee leh sifooyin gaar ah, sida caabbinta xidhashada sare iyo iska caabinta daxalka, ayaa loo sameeyay si loo daboolo baahida gaadiidka tareenada casriga ah.
Maanta, biraha birta ah waxay sii ahaanayaan doorashada koowaad ee dhismaha tareenka sababtoo ah xooggooda, cimrigooda, iyo waxtarkooda. Si joogto ah ayaa loo hagaajiyay si loo daboolo baahida sii kordheysa ee warshadaha gaadiidka.
QAABKA AALADAHA
| Magaca Alaabta: | GB Tareenka Birta Caadiga ah | |||
| Nooca: | Tareenka culus, tareenka wiishka, tareenka fudud | |||
| Qalab/Qof: | ||||
| Tareen Fudud | Qaab/Qalab: | Q235,55Q; | Tilmaam: | 30kg/m,24kg/m,22kg/m,18kg/m,15kg/m,12kg/m,8 kg/m. |
| Tareen Culus: | Qaab/Qalab: | 45MN,71MN; | Tilmaam: | 50kg/m,43kg/m,38kg/m,33kg/m. |
| Tareenka Crane: | Qaab/Qalab: | U71MN; | Tilmaam: | QU70 kg/m,QU80kg/m,QU100kg/m,QU120kg/m. |
GB Tareenka Birta Caadiga ah::
Tilmaamaha: GB6kg, 8kg, GB9kg, GB12, GB15kg, 18kg, GB22kg, 24kg, GB30, P38kg, P43kg, P50kg, P60kg, QU70, QU80, QU100, QU120
Heerka: GB11264-89 GB2585-2007 YB/T5055-93
Qalabka: U71Mn/50Mn
Dhererka: 6m-12m 12.5m-25m
| Badeecada | Darajo | Cabbirka qaybta (mm) | ||||
| Dhererka tareenka | Ballaca Saldhigga | Balaadhka madaxa | Dhumucda | Miisaanka (kgs) | ||
| Tareen Fudud | 8KG/M | 65.00 | 54.00 | 25.00 | 7.00 | 8.42 |
| 12KG/M | 69.85 | 69.85 | 38.10 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15KG/M | 79.37 | 79.37 | 42.86 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18KG/M | 90.00 | 80.00 | 40.00 | 10.00 | 18.06 | |
| 22KG/M | 93.66 | 93.66 | 50.80 | 10.72 | 22.3 | |
| 24KG/M | 107.95 | 92.00 | 51.00 | 10.90 | 24.46 | |
| 30KG/M | 107.95 | 107.95 | 60.33 | 12.30 | 30.10 | |
| Tareen Culus | 38KG/M | 134.00 | 114.00 | 68.00 | 13.00 | 38.733 |
| 43KG/M | 140.00 | 114.00 | 70.00 | 14.50 | 44.653 | |
| 50KG/M | 152.00 | 132.00 | 70.00 | 15.50 | 51.514 | |
| 60KG/M | 176.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| 75KG/M | 192.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| UIC54 | 159.00 | 140.00 | 70.00 | 16.00 | 54.43 | |
| UIC60 | 172.00 | 150.00 | 74.30 | 16.50 | 60.21 | |
| Tareenka Qaadista | QU70 | 120.00 | 120.00 | 70.00 | 28.00 | 52.80 |
| QU80 | 130.00 | 130.00 | 80.00 | 32.00 | 63.69 | |
| QU100 | 150.00 | 150.00 | 100.00 | 38.00 | 88.96 | |
| QU120 | 170.00 | 170.00 | 120.00 | 44.00 | 118.1 | |
FAA'IIDOOYINKA
Nooca iyo xooggajidka tareenkawaxaa lagu muujiyaa qiyaasta qiyaasta (kilogram) halkii mitir ee dhererka. Tusaale ahaan, noocyada tareenada caadiga ah ee Shiinaha hadda waa 43kg / m, 50kg / m, 60kg / m, 75kg / m, iwm. Dhererka caadiga ah ee tareenada Shiinaha: 43kg / m waa 12.5m ama 25m; dhererka biraha ka sarreeya 50kg/m waa 25m, 50m, iyo 100m. Tag warshadda alxanka tareenada si aad ugu xaarto tareen dhererkiisu yahay 500m, ka dibna u rari goobta dhismaha oo aad ka laabo dhererka loo baahan yahay.
Tilmaamaha tareenada tareenka way kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo ku xidhan shuruudaha gaarka ah ee nidaamka tareenada iyo dalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar ka mid ah tilmaamaha caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
Miisaanka tareenka: Miisaanka tareenka waxaa badanaa lagu muujiyaa rodol halkii deyrka (lbs/yd) ama kiiloogaraam mitirkiiba (kg/m). Miisaanka tareenka ayaa go'aamiya awooda rarka qaadida iyo cimriga tareenka.
Qaybta tareenka: astaanta tareenka, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan qaybta tareenka, way kala duwanaan kartaa. Qaybaha tareenada caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah qaybta I-(sidoo kale loo yaqaan qaybta "I-beam"), qaybta UIC60, iyo ASCE 136.
Dhererka: Dhererka tareenku wuu kala duwanaan karaa iyadoo ku xidhan nidaamka tareenka gaarka ah, laakiin dhererka caadiga ahi caadi ahaan waa inta u dhaxaysa 20-30 mitir.
Heerka: Gobolo ama waddamo kala duwan ayaa laga yaabaa inay leeyihiin heerar gaar ah oo loogu talagalay tareenada tareenada. Tusaale ahaan, Waqooyiga Ameerika, Ururka Tareennada Mareykanka (AAR) ayaa dejinaya jaangooyooyin qeexannada tareenada.
Heerka Birta: Heerka gaarka ah ee birta loo isticmaalo birta tareenada way kala duwanaan kartaa. Darajooyinka birta sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waxaa ka mid ah birta kaarboon (sida A36 ama A709), birta daawaha (sida AISI 4340 ama ASTM A320), iyo biraha kulaylka lagu daweeyay (sida ASTM A759).
Xiro iska caabinta: Xadiidka tareenada waxaa loo dhibaa daminta joogtada ah ee taayirrada tareenada. Sidaa darteed, iska caabinta xirashada ayaa ah tilmaame muhiim u ah biraha. Dahaaryo kala duwan ama daawayn ayaa lagu mari karaa dusha tareenka si loo hagaajiyo caabbinta xidhashada.
Weldability: Kala-goysyada tareenada waxay inta badan u baahan yihiin alxanka si ay ugu xidhaan qaybaha tareenada gaarka ah. Sidaa darteed, qeexitaannada tareenada waxaa ku jiri kara shuruudaha alxanka si loo hubiyo xoogga alxanka habboon iyo cimri dhererka.
Fiiro gaar ah: Waa muhiim in la tixraaco heerarka gaarka ah ee tareenada laga isticmaalo gobolkaaga ama dalkaaga si faahfaahsan oo sax ah.
MASHRUUCA
Shirkadeena'sqeexida birta tareenka13,800 oo tan oo bir ah oo loo dhoofiyay Maraykanka ayaa hal mar lagu soo raray Dekadda Tianjin. Mashruuca dhismaha ayaa la soo gabagabeeyay iyadoo tareenkii ugu dambeeyay si joogto ah loo dhigay khadka tareenka. Xadiidkan ayaa dhamaantood ka yimid khadka wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee warshadeena birta iyo birta, iyadoo la isticmaalayo caalami ah oo la soo saaray ilaa heerka ugu sareeya uguna adag ee farsamada.
Macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan alaabta tareenada, fadlan nala soo xiriir!
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alaab-qeybiyaha tareenada ShiinahaXadiidka birta ee shiinaha, GB Standard Steel Rail
CODSIGA
IftiinkaJidka Tareenka ee Railwaxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhejiyo khadadka gaadiidka ee ku meel gaarka ah iyo khadadka taraafikada fudud ee meelaha kaynta, meelaha macdanta, warshadaha iyo goobaha dhismaha. Qalabka: 55Q/Q235B, heerka fulinta: GB11264-89.
1. Goobta gaadiidka tareenka
Tareenadu waa qayb muhiim ah oo muhiim u ah dhismaha iyo hawlgalka tareenada. Gaadiidka tareenada, birta ayaa mas'uul ka ah taageeridda iyo qaadista dhammaan miisaanka tareenka, tayadooda iyo waxqabadkooduna waxay si toos ah u saameeyaan badbaadada iyo xasilloonida tareenka. Sidaa darteed, biraha waa inay lahaadaan astaamo jidheed iyo kiimiko oo heer sare ah sida xoog sare, iska caabin xidhid, iyo iska caabin daxalka. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, halbeegga tareenka ee ay isticmaalaan inta badan khadadka tareenada gudaha waa GB/T 699-1999 "Bir Dhismeedka Kaarboon Sare".
2. Dhismaha injineernimada
Marka laga soo tago goobta tareenka, biraha ayaa sidoo kale si weyn loogu isticmaalaa injineernimada dhismaha, sida dhismaha wiishashka, wiishashka taawarada, buundooyinka iyo mashaariicda dhulka hoostiisa. Mashruucyadan, biraha waxaa loo istcimaalay sidii lugaha iyo qalabyada lagu taageero laguna qaado miisaanka. Tayadooda iyo xasilloonidooda waxay saameyn muhiim ah ku leeyihiin badbaadada iyo xasilloonida dhammaan mashruuca dhismaha.
3. Goobta mishiinada culus
Dhinaca wax soo saarka mishiinada culculus, tareenada ayaa sidoo kale ah qayb caadi ah, oo inta badan loo isticmaalo dhabbaha ay diyaaraduhu ka duulaan ee ka kooban biro. Tusaale ahaan, aqoon-is-weydaarsiyada birta-samaynta ee warshadaha birta, khadadka wax-soo-saarka ee warshadaha baabuurta, iwm. Dhammaan waxay u baahan yihiin in la isticmaalo dhabbaha dayuuradaha ee ka kooban biraha birta si ay u taageeraan oo ay u qaadaan mashiinnada culus iyo qalabka miisaankoodu yahay tobanaan tan ama ka badan.
Marka la soo koobo, adeegsiga ballaaran ee birta birta ah ee gaadiidka, injineernimada dhismaha, mashiinnada culus iyo meelaha kale ayaa gacan weyn ka geystay horumarinta iyo horumarka warshadahan. Maanta, iyada oo hal-abuurnimada joogtada ah iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada, tareenada si joogto ah ayaa loo cusboonaysiiyaa loona cusboonaysiiyaa si ay ula qabsadaan horumarka joogtada ah iyo raadinta waxqabadka iyo tayada qaybaha kala duwan.
Baakadaha iyo raritaanka
Hagaajinta qaabka GB Standard Steel Rail madaxa qaybta naqshadeynta sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah siyaabaha lagu wanaajiyo qallafsanaanta iyo xirashada caabbinta.
Qaybta madaxa tareenada ee tareenka hore, dusha sare ee lagu tumanayo waa mid debecsan, iyo geesaha leh raadiyo yaryar ayaa loo isticmaalaa labada dhinac. Ilaa 1950-meeyadii iyo 1960-kii, waxaa la ogaaday in iyadoon loo eegin qaabka madaxa tareenka markii hore loo nashqadeeyay, ka dib markii la xidho taayirrada tareenada, qaabka tumanka sare ee tareenku wuxuu ahaa ku dhawaad dhammaan wareegyada, iyo radius ee arc ee labada dhinac ayaa ahaa mid aad u weyn. Jilitaanka tijaabada ah ayaa lagu ogaaday in diirinta madaxa tareenka ay la xiriirto cadaadiska xad dhaafka ah ee xiriirka taayirrada taayirrada gudaha gudaha madaxa tareenka. Si loo yareeyo waxyeelada xadiidka xadiidka, dhamaan wadamada waxa ay wax ka bedeleen naqshada qaansada ee madaxa tareenka si loo yareeyo qallafsanaanta balaastikada ah.
Marka hore, dalalku waxay raaceen mabda'a noocan oo kale ah ee naqshadeynta GB Standard Steel Rail madaxa tareenka: gunta tareenka tareenka ugu sarreeya wuxuu u hoggaansamaa xajmiga taayirrada taayirrada intii suurtagal ah, taas oo ah, cabbirka tufaaxa, sida 59.9kg / m tareenka ee Maraykanka, madaxa tareenka ayaa la ansixiyay R254-R3.51. 65kg/m tareenada Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore, madaxa tareenku wuxuu qaataa R300-R80-R15; UIC 60kg/m tareenada, madaxa tareenka ee arc wuxuu qaataa R300-R80-R13. Waxaa laga arki karaa kor ku xusan in qaabka ugu muhiimsan ee naqshadeynta qaybta ee madaxa tareenada casriga ah ay tahay isticmaalka qaloocyada adag iyo saddex radii. Dhinaca madaxa tareenka, xariiq toosan oo sare oo cidhiidhi ah iyo hoos ballaadhan ayaa la qaataa, jiirada khadka toosan guud ahaan waa 1:20 ~ 1:40. Xariiq toosan oo jiirar weyn leh ayaa badanaa lagu adeegsadaa daanka hoose ee madaxa tareenka, jiiradaduna guud ahaan waa 1:3 ilaa 1:4.
Marka labaad, aagga kala-guurka ee u dhexeeya GB Standard Steel Railhead iyo dhexda tareenka, si loo yareeyo dildilaaca ay sababto fiirsashada walaaca oo loo kordhiyo iska caabbinta khilaafsan ee u dhexeeya saabka kalluunka iyo tareenada, qalooca adag ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa goobta kala-guurka ee u dhexeeya madaxa tareenka iyo dhexda tareenka, naqshad weyn oo radius ayaa lagu qaataa dhexda. Tusaale ahaan, tareenka 60kg/m ee UIC wuxuu isticmaalaa R7-R35-R120 ee aagga kala-guurka ee u dhexeeya madaxa tareenka iyo dhexda. Xadiidka 60kg/m ee Japan wuxuu isticmaalaa R19-R19-R500 aagga kala-guurka ee u dhexeeya madaxa tareenka iyo dhexda.
Saddexaad, aagga kala-guurka ee u dhexeeya dhexda tareenka iyo hoose ee tareenka, si loo gaaro isbeddel habsami leh ee qaybta, naqshad qaloocsan ayaa sidoo kale la qaatay, iyo isbeddelka tartiib-tartiib ah ayaa si habsami leh ugu xiran jiirada hoose ee tareenka. Sida tareenka UIC60kg/m, waa in la isticmaalo R120-R35-R7. Tareenka Japan ee 60kg/m wuxuu isticmaalaa R500-R19. Tareenka Shiinaha ee 60kg/m wuxuu isticmaalaa R400-R20.
Afaraad, qaybta hoose ee tareenku waa wada siman yihiin, si ay qaybtu u hesho xasillooni wanaagsan. Wajiyada dhamaadka ee xaga hoose ee tareenka ayaa dhamaantood xagal toosan ah, ka dibna lagu soo koobay raadiye yar, badanaa R4 ~ R2. Dhinaca gudaha ee tareenka hoose waxa sida caadiga ah lagu nashqadeeyaa laba qaybood oo xariiqo ah, kuwaas oo qaar ka mid ahi ay laba jibaaran yihiin, qaarna ay qaataan hal jiidho. Tusaale ahaan, tareenka UIC60kg/m wuxuu qaataa 1:275+1:14 laba jibaaran. Tareenka Japan ee 60kg/m wuxuu qaadanayaa 1:4 hal jiir. Tareenka Shiinaha ee 60kg/m wuxuu qaadanayaa 1:3+1:9 laba jibaaran.
DHISMAHA Alaabada
Waxaa lagu sameeyay Shiinaha, adeegga heerka koowaad, tayada sare leh, caan ka ah adduunka
1. Saamaynta miisaanka: Shirkaddeennu waxay leedahay silsilad weyn oo sahayda ah iyo warshad weyn oo birta ah, taas oo gaadhay saamaynta baaxadda leh ee gaadiidka iyo wax soo iibsiga, waxaanay noqonaysaa shirkad bir ah oo isku xidha wax soo saarka iyo adeegyada.
2. Kala duwanaanta badeecada: Kala duwanaanta alaabta, birta kasta oo aad rabto waa laga iibsan karaa annaga, inta badan waxay ku hawlan yihiin qaababka birta, birta birta ah, dhejisyada xaashida birta ah, xargaha sawir-qaadista, birta kanaalka, xirmooyinka birta ee silicon iyo alaabada kale, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid aad u jilicsan Dooro nooca badeecada ee la doonayo si loo daboolo baahiyaha kala duwan.
3. Sahayda xasiloon: Lahaanshaha khad wax soo saar oo xasilloon iyo silsilad sahaydu waxay bixin kartaa sahay la isku halleyn karo. Tani waxay si gaar ah muhiim ugu tahay iibsadayaasha u baahan tiro badan oo bir ah.
4. Saamaynta astaanta: Yeelo saamayn summeedka sare iyo suuq weyn
5. Adeeg: Shirkad weyn oo bir ah oo isku xidha habaynta, gaadiidka iyo wax soo saarka
6. Qiimaha tartanka: qiimo macquul ah
*Emailka u dirchinaroyalsteel@163.comsi aad u hesho xigasho mashaariicdaada
MACMIILKA BOOQDAY
FAQ
1.Sideen ku heli karaa xigasho?
Waxaad naga tagi kartaa fariinta, waxaana ka jawaabi doonaa fariin kasta waqtigeeda.
2.Ma ku keeni doontaa alaabta wakhtigeeda?
Haa, waxaan balan qaadaynaa inaan bixino alaab tayo wanaagsan leh iyo keenista waqtiga loogu talagalay. Daacadnimadu waa mabda'a shirkadeena.
3. Miyaan heli karaa muunado ka hor intaan la dalban?
Haa, dabcan. Sida caadiga ah muunadyadayadu waa bilaash, waxaan ku soo saari karnaa shaybaarkaaga ama sawiro farsamo.
4.waa maxay shuruudaha lacag bixinta?
Muddadayada lacag bixinta caadiga ah waa 30% deebaaji, waxayna ku nasanaysaa B/L. EXW, FOB,CFR, CIF.
5.Ma aqbashay kormeerka dhinaca saddexaad?
Haa gabi ahaanba waan aqbalnay.
6.Sideen ku aaminaa shirkaddaada?
Waxaan ku takhasusnay ganacsiga birta sanado badan sida alaab-qeybiye dahab ah, xarunteeda dhexe waxay ku taal gobolka Tianjin, ku soo dhawoow inaad si uun u baarto, si kastaba ha ahaatee.
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