Marka aan meel u safreyno, waxaan inta badan iska indho tirnaa shabakadda isku dhafan ee kaabayaasha tareenada ee suurtogalisa socodsiinta habsamida iyo hufnaanta tareenada. Xuddunta kaabayaashan waxaa ka mid ah biraha birta ah, kuwaas oo sameeya qaybta aasaasiga ah ee tareenada. Noocyada kala duwan ee biraha birta ah ee la heli karo, kuwa u hoggaansama heerka BS waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan hubinta badbaadada iyo isku halaynta nidaamyada tareenada.
Birta caadiga ah ee BS, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan British Standard Rails, waxaa loo qaabeeyey loona soo saaray iyadoo la raacayo tilmaamaha ay dejisay Hay'adda Heerarka Ingiriiska (BSI). Tareenadan waxaa loo qaabeeyey inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha tayada iyo waxqabadka adag, taasoo ka dhigaysa xulasho muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay dhismaha tareenka iyo mashaariicda dayactirka. U hoggaansanaanta heerka BS waxay muujinaysaa ballanqaad heer sare ah, waara, iyo joogtaynta soo saarista birta birta ah, taasoo ugu dambeyntii gacan ka geysaneysa hufnaanta guud iyo badbaadada hawlgallada tareenka.
Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee bir-xidhka birta caadiga ah ee BS waa xooggooda iyo cimri dhererkooda sare. Bir-xidhkani waxaa lagu dhisay agab bir ah oo tayo sare leh waxaana la mariyaa tijaabooyin adag si loo hubiyo awooddooda ay u leeyihiin inay u adkaystaan culaysyo culus, xaaladaha cimilada ee daran, iyo xoqidda iyo jeexitaanka joogtada ah. Natiijo ahaan, waxay bixiyaan iska caabin aad u fiican oo ku wajahan qaab-dhismeedka, dildilaaca, iyo daxalka, taasoo kordhinaysa cimriga waddooyinka tareenka iyo yareynta baahida loo qabo in si joogto ah loo beddelo ama loo hagaajiyo. Waartani waa lama huraan si loo ilaaliyo hufnaanta kaabayaasha tareenka iyo ka hortagga carqaladaynta adeegyada tareenada.
| BS11:1985 tareenka caadiga ah | |||||||
| moodeel | cabbirka (mm) | walax | tayada agabka | dhererka | |||
| ballaca madaxa | joog sare | looxa saldhigga | qoto dheer ee dhexda | (kg/m) | (m) | ||
| A(mm) | B(mm) | C(mm) | D(mm) | ||||
| 500 | 52.39 | 100.01 | 100.01 | 10.32 | 24.833 | 700 | 6-18 |
| 60 A | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 30.618 | 900A | 6-18 |
| 60R | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 29.822 | 700 | 6-18 |
| 70 A | 60.32 | 123.82 | 111.12 | 12.3 | 34.807 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 75 A | 61.91 | 128.59 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 37.455 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 75R | 61.91 | 128.59 | 122.24 | 13.1 | 37.041 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 80 A | 63.5 | 133.35 | 117.47 | 13.1 | 39.761 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 80 R | 63.5 | 133.35 | 127 | 13.49 | 39.674 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 90 A | 66.67 | 142.88 | 127 | 13.89 | 45.099 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 100A | 69.85 | 152.4 | 133.35 | 15.08 | 50.182 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 113A | 69.85 | 158.75 | 139.7 | 20 | 56.398 | 900A | 8-25 |
Marka laga soo tago dhismahooda adag,biraha birta ahwaxaa loogu talagalay inay buuxiyaan dulqaadka cabbirka iyo joomatari ee saxda ah. Heerkan saxnaanta ah ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta dhaqdhaqaaqa siman iyo xasilloon ee tareenada ku teedsan waddooyinka. Iyadoo la raacayo tilmaamaha heerka BS, tareenadan waxaa lagu sameeyay astaamo isdhaafsi oo joogto ah, toosan, iyo isku-xirnaan, kuwaas oo lagama maarmaan u ah yaraynta cilladaha waddooyinka iyo ilaalinta xiriirka ugu wanaagsan ee u dhexeeya taayirada tareenada iyo tareenada. Joomatari sax ah oo bir ah oo BS ah ayaa gacan ka geysta badbaadada guud iyo raaxada safarka tareenka, yaraynta khatarta marin-habaabinta iyo kor u qaadista hufnaanta hawlgalka guud ee shabakadda tareenka.
Intaa waxaa dheer, u hoggaansanaanta heerka BS waxay hubineysaa in biraha birtu ay maraan tallaabooyin xakameyn tayo oo dhammaystiran inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka. Laga bilaabo xulashada agabka ceeriin ilaa kormeerka kama dambaysta ah ee biraha la dhammeeyay, u hoggaansanaanta adag ee heerka waxay dammaanad qaadaysaa in biraha ay buuxiyaan sifooyinka farsamada ee loo baahan yahay, halabuurka kiimikada, iyo astaamaha waxqabadka. Heerkan xakamaynta tayada ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah in lagu abuuro kalsooni ku saabsan isku halaynta iyo waxqabadka biraha birta ee caadiga ah ee BS, iyadoo la siinayo hawl wadeennada tareenada iyo maamulayaasha kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha hubinta in biraha ay si joogto ah u dabooli doonaan baahiyaha hawlgallada tareenada culus.
Muhiimadda biraha birta ah ee caadiga ah ee BS waxay ka baxsan tahay sifooyinkooda jireed, maadaama ay sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan kor u qaadista isdhexgalka iyo halbeegga warshadaha tareenka adduunka. Iyadoo la raacayo heer la aqoonsan yahay oo la ixtiraamo sida heerka BS, mashaariicda kaabayaasha tareenadu waxay ka faa'iideysan karaan iswaafajinta noocyo badan oo ah kaydka rogidda, nidaamyada calaamadaynta, iyo qalabka dayactirka kuwaas oo loogu talagalay inay si aan kala go 'lahayn ula xiriiraan biraha buuxiya heerka isku midka ah. Iswaafajintani waxay fududaynaysaa hababka soo iibsiga, rakibidda, iyo dayactirka ee kaabayaasha tareenada, taasoo ugu dambeyntii horseedda keydinta kharashka iyo hufnaanta hawlgalka ee hawlwadeennada tareenada iyo mas'uuliyiinta.
Gunaanad ahaan, isticmaalka BSTareenka Caadiga ahwaa mid aad muhiim u ah horumarinta, ballaarinta, iyo dayactirka kaabayaasha tareenada casriga ah. Tareenadani waxay ka kooban yihiin mabaadi'da tayada, cimri dhererka, saxnaanta, iyo is-dhexgalka, kuwaas oo dhammaantood muhiim u ah hubinta hawlgalka badbaadada iyo hufnaanta leh ee shabakadaha tareenada. Maadaama baahida loo qabo nidaamyada tareenada ee la isku halleyn karo oo tayo sare leh ay sii kordheyso, doorka tareenada birta ee caadiga ah ee BS ee qaabeynta mustaqbalka gaadiidka tareenka lama buunbuunin karo. Iyadoo la ilaalinayo heerarka ay dejisay Hay'adda Heerarka Ingiriiska, warshadaha tareenadu waxay sii wadi karaan inay ku tiirsanaadaan awoodaha la xaqiijiyay ee tareenada birta ee caadiga ah ee BS si ay u taageeraan dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka iyo badeecadaha iyagoo kalsooni iyo isku hallayn leh.
Waqtiga boostada: Maajo-23-2024