Markaan u kala socdaaleyno meel ilaa meel kale, waxaan inta badan u qaadannaa isku xirnaanta adag ee kaabayaasha tareenada taas oo sahlaysa habsami u socodka iyo hufnaanta leh ee tareenada.Xudunta kaabayaashani waa birta birta ah, kuwaas oo ka dhigaya qaybta aasaasiga ah ee wadooyinka tareenada.Noocyada kala duwan ee birta birta ah ee la heli karo, kuwa u hoggaansama heerka BS waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan hubinta badbaadada iyo isku halaynta nidaamyada tareenada.
BS birta birta caadiga ah, sidoo kale loo yaqaan British Standard Rails, waxaa loo qaabeeyey oo loo soo saaray si waafaqsan tilmaamaha ay dejisay Hay'adda Heerarka Ingiriiska (BSI).Xadiidkan waxaa loo farsameeyay si ay u buuxiyaan tayada adag iyo shuruudaha waxqabadka, iyaga oo ka dhigaya doorasho lama huraan u ah dhismaha iyo mashaariicda dayactirka ee tareenada.U hoggaansanaanta halbeegga BS waxay ka dhigan tahay u heellanaanta heer sare, adkeysiga, iyo joogtaynta soo saarista birta birta, taasoo ugu dambeyntii gacan ka geysaneysa waxtarka guud iyo badbaadada howlaha tareenka.
Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka muhiimka ah ee birta caadiga ah ee BS waa xooggooda sare iyo cimri dhererkooda.Xadiidkan waxaa lagu dhisay qalab bir oo tayo sare leh waxaana la mariyaa tijaabo adag si loo hubiyo in ay u adkeysan karaan culeysyada culus, xaaladaha cimilada oo aad u daran, iyo jeexjeex joogto ah.Natiijo ahaan, waxay bixiyaan iska caabin aan caadi ahayn oo ku wajahan qallafsanaanta, dildilaaca, iyo daxalka, si ay u kordhiyaan cimriga waddooyinka tareenada oo ay yareeyaan baahida beddelka ama dayactirka joogtada ah.Waartani waxay lama huraan u tahay ilaalinta hufnaanta kaabayaasha tareenada iyo ka hortagga carqaladaynta adeegyada tababarka.
| BS11:1985 tareenada caadiga ah | |||||||
| model | cabbirka (mm) | walax | tayada alaabta | dhererka | |||
| ballaca madaxa | joogga | sabuuraddii | qoto dheer dhexda | (kg/m) | (m) | ||
| A(mm) | B(mm) | C (mm) | D (mm) | ||||
| 500 | 52.39 | 100.01 | 100.01 | 10.32 | 24.833 | 700 | 6-18 |
| 60 A | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 30.618 | 900A | 6-18 |
| 60R | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 29.822 | 700 | 6-18 |
| 70 A | 60.32 | 123.82 | 111.12 | 12.3 | 34.807 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 75 A | 61.91 | 128.59 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 37.455 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 75R | 61.91 | 128.59 | 122.24 | 13.1 | 37.041 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 80 A | 63.5 | 133.35 | 117.47 | 13.1 | 39.761 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 80 R | 63.5 | 133.35 | 127 | 13.49 | 39.674 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 90 A | 66.67 | 142.88 | 127 | 13.89 | 45.099 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 100A | 69.85 | 152.4 | 133.35 | 15.08 | 50.182 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 113A | 69.85 | 158.75 | 139.7 | 20 | 56.398 | 900A | 8-25 |
Waxa u dheer dhismahooda adag.biraha birta ahwaxaa loo qaabeeyey si ay u daboolaan dulqaadka saxda ah ee cabbirka iyo joomatari.Heerkan saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta habsami u socodka iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa deggan ee tareenada ee hareeraha waddooyinka.Iyada oo la raacayo tilmaamaha caadiga ah ee BS, birahan waxaa lagu soo saaray astaamo isdhaafsan oo joogto ah, toosan, iyo toosin, kuwaas oo lama huraan u ah yaraynta khaladaadka wadada iyo ilaalinta xidhiidhka ugu fiican ee u dhexeeya taayirrada tareenada iyo biraha.Joomatari saxda ah ee birta caadiga ah ee BS waxay gacan ka geysataa guud ahaan badbaadada iyo raaxada safarka tareenada, yaraynta halista khariidadaha iyo kor u qaadida guud ahaan hufnaanta hawlgelinta shabakada tareenka.
Intaa waxaa dheer, u hoggaansanaanta heerka BS waxay hubisaa in birta birta ay maraan tillaabooyinka xakamaynta tayada dhamaystiran inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka.Laga soo bilaabo xulashada alaabta ceeriin ilaa kormeerka ugu dambeeya ee biraha la dhammeeyey, u hoggaansanaanta adag ee dammaanadda caadiga ah ee in tareenadu ay buuxiyaan sifooyinka farsamada ee loo baahan yahay, qaabka kiimikada, iyo sifooyinka waxqabadka.Heerkan xakamaynta tayada ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah abuurista kalsoonida kalsoonida iyo waxqabadka birta caadiga ah ee BS, iyadoo la siinayo hawl-wadeennada tareenada iyo maamulayaasha kaabayaasha iyadoo la hubinayo in tareenada ay si joogto ah u dabooli doonaan baahida hawlaha tareennada culus.
Muhiimadda birta caadiga ah ee birta BS waxay dhaafsiisan tahay sifooyinkooda jireed, maadaama ay sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan kor u qaadista wadashaqeynta iyo jaangooyooyinka gudaha warshadaha tareenada caalamiga ah.Iyadoo la raacayo heerka la aqoonsan yahay oo la ixtiraamo sida heerka BS, mashaariicda kaabayaasha tareenka waxay ka faa'iidaysan karaan waafaqid tiro balaadhan oo ah kaydka duuban, hababka calaamadaynta, iyo qalabka dayactirka kuwaas oo loogu talagalay inay si aan kala go 'lahayn ula falgalaan biraha buuxiya isla heerka.Wada shaqayntaani waxay fududaynaysaa soo iibinta, rakibida, iyo dayactirka kaabayaasha tareenada, ugu dambayntiina waxay keenaysaa kayd dhaqaale iyo hufnaan hawleed ee hawl wadeenada tareenada iyo masuuliyiinta.
Gabagabadii, isticmaalka BSTareenka caadiga ahayaa muhiim u ah horumarinta, balaadhinta, iyo dayactirka kaabayaasha casriga ah ee tareenada.tareenadani waxay muujinayaan mabaadi'da tayada, cimri dhererka, saxnaanta, iyo wada shaqaynta, kuwaas oo dhamaantood lagama maarmaan u ah hubinta badbaadada iyo hufnaanta hawlgalka shabakadaha tareenada.Maaddaama baahida loo qabo hababka tareennada ee la isku halayn karo iyo waxqabadka sare ay sii wadaan inay koraan, doorka birta caadiga ah ee BS ee qaabaynta mustaqbalka gaadiidka tareenka lama soo koobi karo.Iyadoo la ilaalinayo heerarka ay dejisay Hay'adda Heerarka Ingiriiska, warshadaha tareenada waxay sii wadi karaan inay ku tiirsanaadaan awoodaha la xaqiijiyay ee birta caadiga ah ee BS si ay u taageeraan dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka iyo badeecadaha iyagoo leh kalsooni iyo isku hallayn.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-23-2024