Ma taqaanaa wax badan oo ku saabsan qeexitaannada iyo cabbirrada tuulmooyinka xaashida birta ah?
Nooca 2 U9 ee Tuubada Birta ee Duuban ee U-Qaabka ah
Faahfaahinta Badeecada
| Heerka Caadiga ah | GB/EN | Biilasha | Miisaanka Dhabta ah |
| Dulqaad | Midna ma jiro | Waqtiga Bixinta | 7 ~ 15 maalmood |
| Daawaha ama Maya | Midna ma jiro | Fasal | Q235B/Q355B/S235JR/S275JR/S355JR |
| Adeegga Habaynta | OEM | Meesha Asalka ah | Tinajin, Shiinaha |
Halabuurka Kiimikada ee Tuubada Birta ah
| Darajada (GB) | C | Mn | P | S | Si |
| Q235B | 0.22 | 1.4 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.35 |
| Q355B | 0.24 | 1.00–1.60 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.55 |
Guryaha Farsamada ee Tuulada Birta ah
| Darajada (GB) | Xoogga Wax-soo-saarka (MPa) | Xoogga Tijaabada (MPa) | Kordhinta (%) |
| Q235B | ≥235 | 370–500 | ≥26 |
| Q355B | ≥355 | 470–630 | ≥21 |
Cabbirka Tuubada Xaashida Birta ah
| qaybta | Cabbirrada | Aagga Qaybaha | Cufnaan | Daqiiqad ee firfircoonida | Modulus qaybta | |||
| Ballaca | Dhererka | Dhumucda | Tuulmo | Derbiga | ||||
| w | h | t | ||||||
| mm | Mm | mm | cm2/tuubo | kg/m | kg/m2 | cm4/m | cm3/m | |
| ⅠA | 400 | 85 | 8 | 45.21 | 35.5 | 88.8 | 4500 | 529 |
| Ⅱ | 400 | 100 | 10.5 | 61.2 | 48 | 120 | 8740 | 874 |
| Ⅲ | 400 | 125 | 13 | 76.4 | 60 | 150 | 16800 | 1340 |
| ⅢA | 400 | 150 | 13.1 | 74.4 | 58.4 | 146 | 22800 | 1520 |
| Ⅳ | 400 | 170 | 15.5 | 97 | 76.1 | 190 | 38600 | 2270 |
| ⅤL | 500 | 200 | 24.3 | 133.8 | 105 | 210 | 63000 | 3150 |
| ⅥL | 500 | 225 | 27.6 | 153 | 120 | 240 | 86000 | 3820 |
| ⅡW | 600 | 130 | 10.3 | 78.7 | 61.8 | 103 | 13000 | 1000 |
| ⅢW | 600 | 180 | 13.4 | 104 | 81.6 | 136 | 32400 | 1800 |
| ⅣW | 600 | 210 | 18 | 135.3 | 106 | 177 | 56700 | 2700 |
| Qaybta | Cabbirrada | Cufnaan | Daqiiqad firfircooni ah | Qaybta qaybta | ||||
| Ballaca | Dhererka | Dhumucda | Tuul kasta | Derbiga | ||||
| w | h | t | s | |||||
| mm | mm | mm | mm | kg/m | kg/m2 | cm4/m | cm3/m | |
| Ballaca 750mm | ||||||||
| GHU 14 | 750 | 408 | 10.0 | 8.3 | 77.9 | 104 | 28 690 | 1 415 |
| GHU 16 | 750 | 411 | 11.5 | 9.3 | 86.3 | 115 | 32 860 | 1 610 |
| GHU 18 | 750 | 441 | 10.5 | 9.1 | 88.5 | 118 | 39 310 | 1 790 |
| GHU 20 | 750 | 444 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 96.9 | 129 | 44 450 | 2010 |
| GHU 23 | 750 | 447 | 13.0 | 9.5 | 102.1 | 136 | 50 710 | 2 280 |
| GHU 25 | 750 | 450 | 14.5 | 10.2 | 110.4 | 147 | 56 250 | 2 510 |
| Ballaca 600mm | ||||||||
| GHU 12 | 600 | 360 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 66.1 | 110 | 21 610 | 1 210 |
| GHU 12S | 600 | 360 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 71.0 | 118 | 22 670 | 1 270 |
| GHU 18-1 | 600 | 430 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 72.6 | 121 | 35 960 | 1 680 |
| GHU 18 | 600 | 430 | 11.2 | 9.0 | 76.9 | 128 | 38 660 | 1 810 |
| GHU 18+1 | 600 | 430 | 12.2 | 9.5 | 81.1 | 135 | 41 330 | 1930 |
| GHU 22-1 | 600 | 450 | 11.1 | 9.0 | 81.9 | 137 | 46 390 | 2070 |
| GHU 22 | 600 | 450 | 12.1 | 9.5 | 86.1 | 144 | 49 470 | 2 210 |
| GHU 22+1 | 600 | 450 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 90.4 | 151 | 52 520 | 2 345 |
| GHU 28-1 | 600 | 452 | 14.2 | 9.7 | 97.4 | 162 | 60 590 | 2 690 |
| GHU 28 | 600 | 454 | 15.2 | 10.1 | 101.8 | 170 | 64 470 | 2850 |
| GHU 28+1 | 600 | 456 | 16.2 | 10.5 | 106.2 | 177 | 68 390 | 3010 |
| GHU 32-1 | 600 | 452 | 18.5 | 10.6 | 109.9 | 183 | 69 220 | 3075 |
| GHU 32 | 600 | 452 | 19.5 | 11.0 | 114.1 | 190 | 72 330 | 3 210 |
| GHU 32+1 | 600 | 452 | 20.5 | 11.4 | 118.4 | 197 | 75 410 | 3 350 |
| 600mm iyo 400mm ballac | ||||||||
| GHU 6N | 600 | 309 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 41.9 | 70 | 9 680 | 635 |
| GHU 7N | 600 | 310 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 44.1 | 74 | 10 460 | 685 |
| GHU 7S | 600 | 311 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 46.3 | 77 | 11 550 | 750 |
| GHU 7HWS | 600 | 312 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 47.4 | 79 | 11 630 | 755 |
| GHU 8N | 600 | 312 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 48.5 | 81 | 12 020 | 780 |
| GHU 8S | 600 | 313 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 50.8 | 85 | 12 810 | 830 |
| GHU 10N | 600 | 316 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 55.8 | 93 | 15 710 | 1000 |
| GHU 11N | 600 | 318 | 10.0 | 7.4 | 60.2 | 100 | 17 460 | 1 105 |
| GHU 12N | 600 | 320 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 64.6 | 108 | 19 230 | 1 230 |
| GHU 13N | 600 | 418 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 59.9 | 100 | 26 600 | 1 280 |
| GHU 14N | 600 | 420 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 64.3 | 107 | 29 420 | 1 410 |
| GHU 15N | 600 | 422 | 11.0 | 8.6 | 68.7 | 115 | 32 270 | 1 540 |
| GHU 16N | 600 | 430 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 72.6 | 121 | 35 960 | 1 680 |
| GHU 18N | 600 | 430 | 11.2 | 9.0 | 76.9 | 128 | 38 660 | 1 810 |
| GHU 20N | 600 | 430 | 12.2 | 9.5 | 81.1 | 135 | 41 310 | 1930 |
| GHU 21N | 600 | 450 | 11.1 | 9.0 | 81.9 | 137 | 46 390 | 2070 |
| GHU 22N | 600 | 450 | 12.1 | 9.5 | 86.1 | 144 | 49 470 | 2 210 |
| GHU 23N | 600 | 450 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 90.4 | 151 | 52 520 | 2 345 |
| GHU 27N | 600 | 452 | 14.2 | 9.7 | 97.4 | 162 | 60 590 | 2 690 |
| GHU 28N | 600 | 454 | 15.2 | 10.1 | 101.8 | 170 | 64 470 | 2850 |
| GHU 30N | 600 | 456 | 16.2 | 10.5 | 106.2 | 177 | 68 390 | 3010 |
| GHU 31N | 600 | 452 | 18.5 | 10.6 | 109.9 | 183 | 69 220 | 3075 |
| GHU 32N | 600 | 452 | 19.5 | 11.0 | 114.1 | 190 | 72 330 | 3 210 |
| GHU 33N | 600 | 452 | 20.5 | 11.4 | 118.4 | 197 | 75 420 | 3 350 |
| GHU 16-400 | 400 | 290 | 12.7 | 9.4 | 62.0 | 155 | 22 600 | 1 570 |
| GHU 18-400 | 400 | 292 | 15.0 | 9.7 | 69.3 | 173 | 26 100 | 1 795 |
| Qaybta | Cabbirrada | Cufnaan | Daqiiqad firfircooni ah | Qaybta qaybta | ||||
| Ballaca | Dhererka | Dhumucda | Tuul kasta | Derbiga | ||||
| w | h | t | s | |||||
| mm | mm | mm | mm | kg/m | kg/m2 | cm4/m | cm3/m | |
| GHL 600 | 600 | 150 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 56.4 | 94 | 3825 | 510 |
| GHL 600K | 600 | 150 | 10 | 10 | 59.4 | 99 | 4050 | 540 |
| GHL 601 | 600 | 310 | 7.5 | 6,4 | 46.8 | 78 | 11520 | 745 |
| GHL 602 | 600 | 310 | 8.2 | 8 | 53.4 | 89 | 12870 | 830 |
| GHL 603 | 600 | 310 | 9.7 | 8.2 | 64.8 | 108 | 18600 | 1200 |
| GHL 603K | 600 | 310 | 10 | 9 | 68.1 | 113.5 | 19220 | 1240 |
| GHL 603 10/10 | 600 | 310 | 10 | 10 | 69.6 | 116 | 19530 | 1260 |
| GHL 604 | 600 | 380 | 10 | 9 | 73.8 | 123 | 30400 | 1600 |
| GHL 605 | 600 | 420 | 13 | 9.2 | 85.5 | 142.5 | 43890 | 2090 |
| GHL 606 | 600 | 435 | 14.4 | 9.2 | 94.2 | 157 | 54375 | 2500 |
| GHL 607 | 600 | 452 | 19 | 10.6 | 114 | 190 | 72320 | 3200 |
| GHL 703 | 700 | 400 | 9.5 | 8 | 67.5 | 96.4 | 24200 | 1210 |
| GHL 716 | 700 | 440 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 79.9 | 114.2 | 35200 | 1600 |
| GHL 720 | 750 | 450 | 12 | 10 | 96.4 | 128.5 | 45000 | 2000 |
Soo dejiso Buug-yaraha oo Dhamaystiran
Qufulka Tuubada Birta ah iyo waxqabadka biyuhu aanay
Naqshadeynta: Tuulmo Xaashi Bir ah oo Isku Xidhan, awood u yeelashada ≤1×10⁻⁷ cm/s
Ameerika: Waxay u hoggaansan tahay Heerka ASTM D5887 ee loogu talagalay Dahaarka si loo yareeyo seedaha hoostiisa Durbaanka.
Koonfur-bari Aasiya: Biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ku jira oo u adkeysan kara xilliyada roobka ee kulaylaha
Habka Wax Soo Saarka Tuubada Birta ah
1. Dhalaalidda iyo Tuubinta Joogtada ah
Geedi socodkaBirta dhalaalaysa ee foornada qaraxda waxaa lagu sifeeyaa qalab beddela (BOF), iyadoo si adag loo xakameynayo halabuurka kiimikada ee kaarboon (C), manganese (Mn), iyo silicon (Si), walxaha isku-darka raadadka (sida vanadium iyo titanium) ayaa lagu daraa si loo hagaajiyo xoogga iyo adkaanta.
Wax soo saarBadeecada waxaa lagu shubaa billets qaabaysan (meelo bannaan oo eyda iyo lafta ah) ama billets waaweyn oo qaabaysan iyadoo la isticmaalayo mashiinka tuurista joogtada ah (CCM). Isticmaalka billets qaabaysan ayaa si weyn u yareeya isbeddelka inta lagu jiro rogista dambe waxayna ilaalisaa habka qufulka.
2. Dib u kululaynta billet-ka birta ah
Geedi socodkaBillet-yada birta ah si isku mid ah ayaa loogu kululeeyaa foornada alwaaxa socodka, badanaa heerkul u dhexeeya 1150°C iyo 1250°C.
Ujeeddo: Si loo baabi'iyo walbahaarka gudaha ee birta, gaarista balaastik ku filan si loo fududeeyo rogista austenitic heerkulka sare ee xiga.
3. Wareegga Caalamiga ah
Kani waa marxaladda ugu muhiimsan uguna adag ee farsamo ahaan soo saarista tuulmooyinka xaashida ah:
QallafsanBillet-yada birta kulul ayaa lagu duubayaa warshad qallafsan si ay marka hore u qaabeeyaan astaamaha shabakadda iyo flange-ka ee tuulmada xaashida.
Dhammaystirka Guud: Rogidda hagaajinta hagaajinta badan waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo warshad caalami ah iyo warshad gees ah.
Samaynta Isku-xidhka: Dhawrka wareeg ee ugu dambeeya, duubab qaab-dhismeed dhinac ah oo si gaar ah loogu talagalay ayaa si sax ah u roga qufullada labada daraf ee tuulmada xaashida iyagoo u rogaya qufullo qaab-u-qaabaysan ama qaab-u-qaabaysan Z. Dulqaadka cabbirka ee qufullada ayaa aad u sarreeya si loo hubiyo wadista siman iyo isku-xirnaan adag inta lagu jiro dhismaha.
4. Qaboojinta iyo Toosinta
Qaboojinta: Tuubooyinka birta kulul ee la duubay ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loogu qaboojiyaa sariir qaboojin si looga hortago qallooca heerkulka awgeed.
ToosintaKa dib marka la qaboojiyo, tuulmooyinka xaashida waxaa si dherer ah loogu toosiyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab toosan oo badan oo rogrogmi kara si looga saaro qallooca iyo qallooca, iyadoo la hubinayo in toosanaanta tuulmooyinka xaashida ay buuxiso heerarka (sida EN 10248 ama JIS A5523).
5. Jarjaridda, Kormeerka iyo Baakaynta
Jarid: Iyadoo la adeegsanayo miinshaar kulul ama qabow, go'yaasha waxaa si sax ah loogu gooyaa dhererka macaamiisha loo baahan yahay (sida 9 mitir, 12 mitir, 15 mitir, iwm.).
Kormeerka: * Kormeerka Cabbirka iyo Dusha Sare: Kormeero adag oo gacanta lagu sameeyo iyo kuwo otomaatig ah ayaa la sameeyaa, gaar ahaan tijaabada marin-u-helka, si loo hubiyo in si fiican loo kala qaybiyo tuulmo kasta.
Tijaabada Waxqabadka Jirka iyo KiimikadaShaybaarada waxaa lagu tijaabiyaa xoogga wax soo saarka, xoogga jiidista, iyo tamarta saamaynta.
BaakadSaliid ka hortagta miridhku ama shaabadayn biyo celin ah ayaa badanaa lagu mariyaa meelaha isku xiran, ka dibna tuulmooyinka waa la isku dhejiyaa oo lagu xidhaa jihooyin kala duwan, oo diyaar u ah rarista.
Qoraallo Dheeraad ah: Qodobka kor ku xusan wuxuu qeexayaa habka loogu talagalay tuulmooyinka xaashida kulul. Tuulmooyinka xaashida qabow waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la foorariyo gariiradaha birta kulul ee la duubay heerkulka qolka iyadoo la adeegsanayo mashiinka sameynta duubka. Marka la barbardhigo, habka duubka kulul wuxuu bixiyaa adkeyn isku xiran oo heer sare ah, biyo-celin, iyo xoog guud oo qaab-dhismeed ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon mashaariicda godadka waaweyn ama qoto dheer ee aasaaska.
Dusha sare ee Tuubada Birta ah
AmeerikaDahaarka HDG wuxuu u hoggaansamayaa heerka ASTM A123, iyadoo dhumucda dahaarka zinc-ka ugu yar ay tahay ≥85 µm. Dahaarka 3PE waxaa loo heli karaa nidaam ilaalin ikhtiyaari ah. Dhammaan dhammaystirka dusha sare waa kuwo u hoggaansan RoHS, iyagoo hubinaya badbaadada deegaanka iyo heerarka dhoofinta caalamiga ah.
Koonfur-bari Aasiya:Galvanizing kulul (≥100 μm) oo lagu daray dahaarka dhuxusha ee epoxy laba-lakab leh wuxuu bixiyaa iska caabin buufin milix ah oo ka badan 5,000 saacadood, oo ku habboon deegaannada badda ee kulaylaha ah.
CODSIGA
1. Injineeriyadda Badda iyo Dekedaha:Waxaa loo isticmaalaa dekedaha, dekedaha, iyo dhismayaasha xeebaha si looga hortago daxalka biyaha badda iyo saameynta hirarka.
2. Nidaamyada Darbiyada ee Haynta:Waxaa lagu dabaqaa dhismayaasha ilaaliya carrada ee loogu talagalay dabaqyada hoose, waddooyinka, iyo ilaalinta jiirada.
3. Xakamaynta Daadadka & Hawlaha Webiga:Ku habboon meelaha biyaha lagu shubo, daadadka webiyada, iyo caqabadaha daadadka oo leh iska caabin xoog leh oo biyaha ah.
4. Mashaariicda Aasaaska iyo Kaabayaasha Dhaqaalaha:Waxaa loo isticmaalaa aasaaska buundooyinka, dhismayaasha dhulka hoostiisa mara, iyo shaqooyinka injineernimada madaniga ah ee culus si loo helo taageero deggan.
Faa'iidooyinka tuulmooyinka qaabka U-qaabaysan
1. Tayada Birta ee Xoogga Sare leh
Waxaa laga sameeyay bir heer sare ah, taasoo hubinaysa awood culays qaadis oo heer sare ah iyo xasillooni qaab-dhismeed muddo dheer ah.
2. Ilaalinta Daxalka Sare
Dahaarka horumarsan sida nidaamyada HDG iyo epoxy waxay bixiyaan iska caabin xooggan oo ku wajahan jawiga badda iyo kan adag.
3. Nidaamka Isku-xidhka Saxda ah
Naqshadeynta saxda ah ee muuqaalka U/Z waxay hubineysaa isku xirnaan adag, taasoo ka hortageysa daadashada ciidda iyo biyaha inta lagu jiro dhismaha.
4. Bixinta Degdegga ah & Xalalka Gaarka ah
Cabbirro kala duwan iyo wax-soo-saar gaar ah oo la heli karo iyadoo la adeegsanayo wax-soo-saar hufan iyo awood dhoofinta adduunka oo dhan.
BAAKADAHA IYO GEYNTA
1. Baakadaha Dhoofinta Caadiga ah
Tuubooyinka xaashida birta ah waxaa lagu dhejiyaa xariijimo bir ah waxaana la xoojiyaa si loo hubiyo in si ammaan ah loo maareeyo inta lagu jiro rarista iyo rarista.
2. Ilaalinta Dusha Sare
Saliid ka hortagta miridhku ama dahaarka ilaalinta ayaa la mariyaa si looga hortago miridhku inta lagu jiro rarista iyo kaydinta masaafada fog.
3. Hababka Soo-rarista
Ku xiran weelal ama shixnadaha maraakiibta waaweyn iyadoo ku xiran cabbirka, dhererka, iyo shuruudaha mashruuca.
4. Gaarsiin Degdeg ah oo Caalami ah
Xalalka saadka ee dabacsan waxay hubinayaan in si degdeg ah loogu geeyo dekedaha adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo la adeegsanayo dukumeentiyo dhammaystiran si loo hubiyo in dhoofinta la dhoofiyo.
Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo
S1: Ma bixin kartaa cabbirro iyo dherer gaar ah?
J: Haa, waxaan bixinaa ballaca, dhumucda, iyo dhererka loo habeeyay iyadoo lagu saleynayo sawirrada ama qeexitaannada injineernimada.
S2: Waa maxay wakhtiga keenista caadiga ah?
A: Badeecadaha caadiga ah badanaa waxay diyaar yihiin 7-15 maalmood gudahood, halka dalabaadka la habeeyey ay ku xiran yihiin tirada iyo qeexitaannada.
S3: Waa maxay codsiyada ku habboon tiirarka xaashida?
A: Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa ilaalinta darbiyada, injineernimada badda, xakamaynta daadadka, kaydka kaydka, iyo taageerada aasaaska.
S4: Ma bixisaa shahaadooyinka tijaabada warshadda (MTC)?
J: Haa, waxaan ku siin karnaa shahaadooyin kormeer oo buuxa oo MTC, SGS, BV, iyo dhinac saddexaad ah marka la codsado.
Q5: Waa maxay habka rarista iyo baakadayntaada?
J: Tuubooyinka xaashida waxaa lagu xiraa xarig bir ah waxaana lagu shubaa weelal ama maraakiib waaweyn iyadoo la ilaalinayo dhoofinta.












